[
 {
  "date": "1979-02-11",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "Islamic Republic established",
  "desc": "Revolution overthrows the Pahlavi monarchy; the Islamic Republic is proclaimed with Ayatollah Khomeini as Supreme Leader."
 },
 {
  "date": "1979-03-08",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "First women's protest against compulsory hijab",
  "desc": "Tens of thousands of women march in Tehran on International Women's Day against Khomeini's decree ordering women to wear the veil at work."
 },
 {
  "date": "1979-05-09",
  "cat": "minorities",
  "title": "Habib Elghanian executed",
  "desc": "Prominent Iranian-Jewish industrialist executed by firing squad after a two-hour tribunal, signalling the fate of Iran's Jewish community."
 },
 {
  "date": "1979-11-04",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "U.S. embassy hostage crisis begins",
  "desc": "Students seize the U.S. embassy in Tehran; 52 Americans are held for 444 days, defining the new republic's foreign posture."
 },
 {
  "date": "1980-05-08",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Farrokhroo Parsa executed",
  "desc": "Iran's first woman cabinet minister is shot by firing squad, wrapped in a sack, for the crime of expanding girls' education."
 },
 {
  "date": "1980-09-22",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "Iran–Iraq War begins",
  "desc": "Iraq invades. Eight years of war leave up to a million dead and give the regime cover for mass domestic repression."
 },
 {
  "date": "1981-06-20",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Beginning of mass executions of MEK and leftist activists",
  "desc": "Following clashes with the People's Mojahedin, thousands of political prisoners are arrested, tortured, and executed over the next two years."
 },
 {
  "date": "1983-06-18",
  "cat": "minorities",
  "title": "Ten Bahá'í women hanged in Shiraz",
  "desc": "Ten Bahá'í women, including 17-year-old Mona Mahmudnizhad, are hanged for teaching Bahá'í Sunday schools."
 },
 {
  "date": "1988-07-19",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "1988 mass executions begin",
  "desc": "Khomeini's fatwa launches the secret killing of an estimated 5,000+ political prisoners in a matter of months, buried in mass graves at Khavaran and other sites."
 },
 {
  "date": "1998-11-01",
  "cat": "repression",
  "title": "Chain murders of dissidents",
  "desc": "Ministry of Intelligence agents assassinate a series of dissident writers and intellectuals — Dariush Forouhar, Mohammad Mokhtari, Mohammad Jafar Pouyandeh — in a wave later admitted by the ministry itself."
 },
 {
  "date": "1999-07-08",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Tehran University dormitory attack",
  "desc": "Plainclothes forces attack students in their dorms after a peaceful protest over a banned newspaper; sparks the first mass student uprising."
 },
 {
  "date": "2003-07-11",
  "cat": "press",
  "title": "Zahra Kazemi killed in custody",
  "desc": "Iranian-Canadian photojournalist dies of a fractured skull after being detained outside Evin. Iranian doctor Shahram Azam later testifies she was raped and tortured."
 },
 {
  "date": "2009-06-12",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Green Movement erupts",
  "desc": "Millions take to the streets against the disputed re-election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, chanting 'Where is my vote?'"
 },
 {
  "date": "2009-06-20",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Neda Agha-Soltan killed",
  "desc": "26-year-old music student shot in the chest at a Tehran protest; her death, filmed on a mobile phone, becomes the symbol of the Green Movement."
 },
 {
  "date": "2011-02-14",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Day of Rage protests",
  "desc": "Solidarity protests with the Arab Spring; Mousavi and Karroubi placed under house arrest — where they remain more than a decade later."
 },
 {
  "date": "2012-11-03",
  "cat": "press",
  "title": "Blogger Sattar Beheshti dies under torture",
  "desc": "Sattar Beheshti dies days after being arrested by Iran's Cyber Police for critical Facebook posts."
 },
 {
  "date": "2017-12-28",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Mashhad protests spread nationwide",
  "desc": "Economic protests that started in Mashhad spread to more than 100 cities; at least 25 people killed and thousands arrested."
 },
 {
  "date": "2018-01-27",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "Vida Movahed on Enghelab Street",
  "desc": "Vida Movahed climbs a utility box in central Tehran, removes her white headscarf and waves it on a stick; scores of 'Girls of Enghelab Street' follow suit."
 },
 {
  "date": "2018-02-08",
  "cat": "prison",
  "title": "Kavous Seyed-Emami dies in Evin",
  "desc": "Iranian-Canadian sociologist and environmentalist is reported to have hanged himself in Evin's Ward 209 two weeks after his arrest."
 },
 {
  "date": "2019-11-15",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Bloody November begins",
  "desc": "Fuel-price hike sparks the largest anti-regime protests in a generation; a week-long internet blackout follows and Amnesty documents at least 304 killings."
 },
 {
  "date": "2020-01-08",
  "cat": "repression",
  "title": "IRGC shoots down Flight PS752",
  "desc": "Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 is downed by two IRGC missiles minutes after takeoff, killing all 176 aboard, most Iranian and Iranian-Canadian civilians."
 },
 {
  "date": "2020-09-12",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Navid Afkari secretly hanged",
  "desc": "Champion wrestler executed at dawn while an appeal was pending, on a confession his family said was extracted under torture."
 },
 {
  "date": "2020-12-12",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Journalist Ruhollah Zam executed",
  "desc": "Founder of the Amadnews channel, lured from Paris to Iraq and abducted, is hanged after a televised confession."
 },
 {
  "date": "2022-09-13",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "Mahsa Amini detained by morality police",
  "desc": "Jina Mahsa Amini, 22, is arrested in Tehran for 'improper hijab' and taken to Vozara detention centre."
 },
 {
  "date": "2022-09-16",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "Mahsa Amini dies in hospital",
  "desc": "Amini dies after three days in a coma; protests erupt in Saqqez and Tehran the same night. 'Woman, Life, Freedom' is born."
 },
 {
  "date": "2022-09-30",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Zahedan Bloody Friday",
  "desc": "Security forces open fire on Baluch worshippers after Friday prayers, killing more than 100 in a single day — the deadliest single incident of the uprising."
 },
 {
  "date": "2022-10-13",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Asra Panahi killed at Ardabil school",
  "desc": "15-year-old Asra Panahi dies after security forces raid her school when students refuse to sing a pro-regime anthem."
 },
 {
  "date": "2022-11-16",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Izeh massacre",
  "desc": "Nine-year-old Kian Pirfalak and at least six others are shot dead in Izeh, deepening national outrage."
 },
 {
  "date": "2022-12-08",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "First protest execution: Mohsen Shekari",
  "desc": "Mohsen Shekari, 23, is hanged after a closed-door trial without a chosen lawyer — the first execution tied directly to the uprising."
 },
 {
  "date": "2022-12-12",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Majidreza Rahnavard publicly hanged",
  "desc": "Rahnavard, 23, is publicly hanged from a crane in Mashhad only 23 days after his arrest."
 },
 {
  "date": "2023-01-07",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Karami and Hosseini executed",
  "desc": "Mohammad Mehdi Karami and Seyed Mohammad Hosseini are hanged after a rushed trial; both said they had confessed under torture."
 },
 {
  "date": "2023-03-24",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "UN Fact-Finding Mission established",
  "desc": "The UN Human Rights Council creates an independent Fact-Finding Mission on Iran to investigate rights violations linked to the uprising."
 },
 {
  "date": "2023-10-06",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "Narges Mohammadi awarded Nobel Peace Prize",
  "desc": "Imprisoned human-rights defender Narges Mohammadi wins the Nobel Peace Prize for her fight against oppression of women in Iran."
 },
 {
  "date": "2023-10-28",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "Armita Geravand collapses on Tehran Metro",
  "desc": "16-year-old Armita Geravand loses consciousness after an alleged encounter with morality-police enforcers over her hijab; she dies 28 days later."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-01-23",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Ghobadlou and Nafisi executed",
  "desc": "Mohammad Ghobadlou, a protester with mental illness, and Kianoush Nafisi are hanged despite international appeals."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-04-13",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "Iran launches direct strikes on Israel",
  "desc": "Iran launches its first direct missile and drone attack on Israel; regional escalation deepens."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-04-24",
  "cat": "press",
  "title": "Rapper Toomaj Salehi sentenced to death",
  "desc": "Revolutionary court sentences protest rapper Toomaj Salehi to death for 'corruption on earth'; sentence overturned in June 2024 but he remains jailed."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-04-26",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "'Noor Plan' hijab crackdown launches",
  "desc": "Police launch a nationwide 'Noor' (Light) Plan to arrest women without hijab; independent monitors document tens of thousands of stops in weeks."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-05-19",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "President Raisi killed in helicopter crash",
  "desc": "Ebrahim Raisi — architect of the 1988 executions and hardline Woman-Life-Freedom crackdown — dies in a helicopter crash in East Azerbaijan."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-07-06",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "Masoud Pezeshkian elected president",
  "desc": "Reformist-aligned Pezeshkian wins snap elections; repression of dissent and women continues unchanged."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-08-06",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Protester Gholamreza Rasaei hanged",
  "desc": "Yarsani-Kurdish protester hanged in secret in Kermanshah on the basis of a coerced confession."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-10-28",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Jamshid Sharmahd executed",
  "desc": "German-Iranian dissident kidnapped in Dubai four years earlier is secretly executed; Germany closes all Iranian consulates."
 },
 {
  "date": "2024-11-13",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Journalist Kianoosh Sanjari takes his own life",
  "desc": "Sanjari kills himself in central Tehran after posting a final message demanding the release of four named political prisoners."
 },
 {
  "date": "2025-03-08",
  "cat": "women",
  "title": "Chastity and Hijab law approved",
  "desc": "Guardian Council approves the Hijab and Chastity law, imposing prison terms and heavy fines on women appearing unveiled in public and on businesses that serve them."
 },
 {
  "date": "2025-06-13",
  "cat": "regime",
  "title": "Israel–Iran war",
  "desc": "Israel launches a 12-day air campaign against Iranian military and nuclear sites; U.S. strikes follow. Ceasefire on 24 June."
 },
 {
  "date": "2025-12-01",
  "cat": "executions",
  "title": "Execution wave surpasses 1,000",
  "desc": "Iran Human Rights records more than 1,000 executions in 2025, the highest in more than three decades."
 },
 {
  "date": "2026-05-01",
  "cat": "protest",
  "title": "Labour Day protests spread",
  "desc": "May Day workers' protests across at least 15 cities are met with mass arrests and rubber-bullet fire."
 }
]