الأحداث
أبرز الأحداث الموثقة في إيران منذ 1979: المجازر والإعدامات وموجات الاحتجاج والتحولات القانونية.
47 إدخال
- Islamic Republic established — Revolution overthrows the Pahlavi monarchy; the Islamic Republic is proclaimed with Ayatollah Khomeini as Supreme Leader.
- First women's protest against compulsory hijab — Tens of thousands of women march in Tehran on International Women's Day against Khomeini's decree ordering women to wear the veil at work.
- Habib Elghanian executed — Prominent Iranian-Jewish industrialist executed by firing squad after a two-hour tribunal, signalling the fate of Iran's Jewish community.
- U.S. embassy hostage crisis begins — Students seize the U.S. embassy in Tehran; 52 Americans are held for 444 days, defining the new republic's foreign posture.
- Farrokhroo Parsa executed — Iran's first woman cabinet minister is shot by firing squad, wrapped in a sack, for the crime of expanding girls' education.
- Iran–Iraq War begins — Iraq invades. Eight years of war leave up to a million dead and give the regime cover for mass domestic repression.
- Beginning of mass executions of MEK and leftist activists — Following clashes with the People's Mojahedin, thousands of political prisoners are arrested, tortured, and executed over the next two years.
- Ten Bahá'í women hanged in Shiraz — Ten Bahá'í women, including 17-year-old Mona Mahmudnizhad, are hanged for teaching Bahá'í Sunday schools.
- 1988 mass executions begin — Khomeini's fatwa launches the secret killing of an estimated 5,000+ political prisoners in a matter of months, buried in mass graves at Khavaran and other sites.
- Chain murders of dissidents — Ministry of Intelligence agents assassinate a series of dissident writers and intellectuals — Dariush Forouhar, Mohammad Mokhtari, Mohammad Jafar Pouyandeh — in a wave later admitted by the ministry itself.
- Tehran University dormitory attack — Plainclothes forces attack students in their dorms after a peaceful protest over a banned newspaper; sparks the first mass student uprising.
- Zahra Kazemi killed in custody — Iranian-Canadian photojournalist dies of a fractured skull after being detained outside Evin. Iranian doctor Shahram Azam later testifies she was raped and tortured.
- Green Movement erupts — Millions take to the streets against the disputed re-election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, chanting 'Where is my vote?'
- Neda Agha-Soltan killed — 26-year-old music student shot in the chest at a Tehran protest; her death, filmed on a mobile phone, becomes the symbol of the Green Movement.
- Day of Rage protests — Solidarity protests with the Arab Spring; Mousavi and Karroubi placed under house arrest — where they remain more than a decade later.
- Blogger Sattar Beheshti dies under torture — Sattar Beheshti dies days after being arrested by Iran's Cyber Police for critical Facebook posts.
- Mashhad protests spread nationwide — Economic protests that started in Mashhad spread to more than 100 cities; at least 25 people killed and thousands arrested.
- Vida Movahed on Enghelab Street — Vida Movahed climbs a utility box in central Tehran, removes her white headscarf and waves it on a stick; scores of 'Girls of Enghelab Street' follow suit.
- Kavous Seyed-Emami dies in Evin — Iranian-Canadian sociologist and environmentalist is reported to have hanged himself in Evin's Ward 209 two weeks after his arrest.
- Bloody November begins — Fuel-price hike sparks the largest anti-regime protests in a generation; a week-long internet blackout follows and Amnesty documents at least 304 killings.
- IRGC shoots down Flight PS752 — Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 is downed by two IRGC missiles minutes after takeoff, killing all 176 aboard, most Iranian and Iranian-Canadian civilians.
- Navid Afkari secretly hanged — Champion wrestler executed at dawn while an appeal was pending, on a confession his family said was extracted under torture.
- Journalist Ruhollah Zam executed — Founder of the Amadnews channel, lured from Paris to Iraq and abducted, is hanged after a televised confession.
- Mahsa Amini detained by morality police — Jina Mahsa Amini, 22, is arrested in Tehran for 'improper hijab' and taken to Vozara detention centre.
- Mahsa Amini dies in hospital — Amini dies after three days in a coma; protests erupt in Saqqez and Tehran the same night. 'Woman, Life, Freedom' is born.
- Zahedan Bloody Friday — Security forces open fire on Baluch worshippers after Friday prayers, killing more than 100 in a single day — the deadliest single incident of the uprising.
- Asra Panahi killed at Ardabil school — 15-year-old Asra Panahi dies after security forces raid her school when students refuse to sing a pro-regime anthem.
- Izeh massacre — Nine-year-old Kian Pirfalak and at least six others are shot dead in Izeh, deepening national outrage.
- First protest execution: Mohsen Shekari — Mohsen Shekari, 23, is hanged after a closed-door trial without a chosen lawyer — the first execution tied directly to the uprising.
- Majidreza Rahnavard publicly hanged — Rahnavard, 23, is publicly hanged from a crane in Mashhad only 23 days after his arrest.
- Karami and Hosseini executed — Mohammad Mehdi Karami and Seyed Mohammad Hosseini are hanged after a rushed trial; both said they had confessed under torture.
- UN Fact-Finding Mission established — The UN Human Rights Council creates an independent Fact-Finding Mission on Iran to investigate rights violations linked to the uprising.
- Narges Mohammadi awarded Nobel Peace Prize — Imprisoned human-rights defender Narges Mohammadi wins the Nobel Peace Prize for her fight against oppression of women in Iran.
- Armita Geravand collapses on Tehran Metro — 16-year-old Armita Geravand loses consciousness after an alleged encounter with morality-police enforcers over her hijab; she dies 28 days later.
- Ghobadlou and Nafisi executed — Mohammad Ghobadlou, a protester with mental illness, and Kianoush Nafisi are hanged despite international appeals.
- Iran launches direct strikes on Israel — Iran launches its first direct missile and drone attack on Israel; regional escalation deepens.
- Rapper Toomaj Salehi sentenced to death — Revolutionary court sentences protest rapper Toomaj Salehi to death for 'corruption on earth'; sentence overturned in June 2024 but he remains jailed.
- 'Noor Plan' hijab crackdown launches — Police launch a nationwide 'Noor' (Light) Plan to arrest women without hijab; independent monitors document tens of thousands of stops in weeks.
- President Raisi killed in helicopter crash — Ebrahim Raisi — architect of the 1988 executions and hardline Woman-Life-Freedom crackdown — dies in a helicopter crash in East Azerbaijan.
- Masoud Pezeshkian elected president — Reformist-aligned Pezeshkian wins snap elections; repression of dissent and women continues unchanged.
- Protester Gholamreza Rasaei hanged — Yarsani-Kurdish protester hanged in secret in Kermanshah on the basis of a coerced confession.
- Jamshid Sharmahd executed — German-Iranian dissident kidnapped in Dubai four years earlier is secretly executed; Germany closes all Iranian consulates.
- Journalist Kianoosh Sanjari takes his own life — Sanjari kills himself in central Tehran after posting a final message demanding the release of four named political prisoners.
- Chastity and Hijab law approved — Guardian Council approves the Hijab and Chastity law, imposing prison terms and heavy fines on women appearing unveiled in public and on businesses that serve them.
- Israel–Iran war — Israel launches a 12-day air campaign against Iranian military and nuclear sites; U.S. strikes follow. Ceasefire on 24 June.
- Execution wave surpasses 1,000 — Iran Human Rights records more than 1,000 executions in 2025, the highest in more than three decades.
- Labour Day protests spread — May Day workers' protests across at least 15 cities are met with mass arrests and rubber-bullet fire.
FAQ
من أين تأتي هذه المعلومات؟
يتم جمع كل سجل من التقارير المنشورة من قبل منظمة العفو الدولية وهيومن رايتس ووتش ومنظمة حقوق الإنسان في إيران (IHR) وHRANA وبعثة الأمم المتحدة لتقصي الحقائق بشأن إيران ومركز برومند. يربط كل إدخال بمصدره إذا كان عاماً.
هل يمكنني إعادة استخدام هذه الصفحة أو الاستشهاد بها؟
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