Kuhusu kamusi hii
Maana katika lugha rahisi za watu, taasisi, sheria na matukio yanayojirudia kwenye tovuti hii. Kila neno linaunganishwa na ukurasa wake maalum pale unapokuwepo. Nakala inayoweza kusomwa na mashine: /data/glossary.json.
- Basij
- Kikosi cha wanamgambo wa kujitolea kilicho chini ya IRGC. Huhamasishwa kusimamia kanuni za mavazi na kuzima maandamano ya mitaani; inakadiriwa kuwa na wanachama hai 600,000.
- Bonyad
- Taasisi ya kidini ya nusu-kiserikali iliyo nje ya usimamizi wa serikali. Bonyads zinadhibiti takriban 20–40% ya uchumi wa Iran na huwajibika moja kwa moja kwa Kiongozi Mkuu.
- Muswada wa Utakatifu na Hijabu
- Sheria ya Iran ya 2023–24 inayoongeza adhabu kwa kutozingatia hijabu kwa faini ya hadi US$8,500, kifungo cha hadi miaka 10, na marufuku ya kusafiri. Ilianza kutumika Desemba 2024.
- Crimson Winter
- Jina lililopewa uasi wa nchi nzima nchini Iran wa 2025–2026. Zaidi ya watu 42,000 waliuawa na zaidi ya 100,000 kuzuiliwa katika miji 200+ hadi mwishoni mwa Februari 2026.
- Tume ya Kifo
- Jopo la majaji watatu la mwaka 1988 lililoamuru kunyongwa kwa maelfu ya wafungwa wa kisiasa. Wanachama wake walijumuisha Ebrahim Raisi, ambaye baadaye alikuwa Rais wa Iran (2021–24).
- Etela'at
- Wizara ya Usalama na Habari (VAJA). Idara ya ujasusi ya kiraia, tofauti na Shirika la Ujasusi la IRGC.
- Gerezani la Evin
- Gereza la Tehran lililojengwa mnamo 1972; kituo kikuu cha wafungwa wa kisiasa. Wodi ya 209 (Etela'at) na Wodi ya 2A (IRGC) zinajulikana kwa utesaji.
- FARAJA
- Kamandi ya pamoja ya Utekelezaji wa Sheria ya Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran (zamani NAJA). Huendesha Doria ya Mwongozo.
- Gasht-e Ershad
- Doria ya Mwongozo au 'polisi wa maadili'. Angalia ukurasa maalum: /morality-police.html.
- Ghezel Hesar
- Gereza lenye ulinzi mkali huko Karaj linalotumika kwa ajili ya kunyonga wafungwa wa kisiasa na wale wa makosa ya dawa za kulevya.
- Baraza la Walinzi
- Chombo chenye wanachama 12 (viongozi wa dini 6, wanasheria 6) kinachokagua sheria zote na wagombea wa uchaguzi. Kwa hakika ni kura ya turufu ya kikatiba dhidi ya mageuzi.
- HRANA
- Human Rights Activists News Agency — shirika huru la ufuatiliaji wa haki za binadamu nchini Iran linalokusanya takwimu za vifo vya maandamano.
- Hengaw
- Shirika huru la haki za binadamu la Kikurdi linalohifadhi kumbukumbu za ukandamizaji katika mikoa ya Iran yenye wakazi wengi wa Kikurdi.
- IHR
- Iran Human Rights — NGO yenye makao yake makuu Oslo inayoongozwa na Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam, ikihifadhi kumbukumbu za kunyongwa na vifo vya maandamano.
- IHRDC
- Iran Human Rights Documentation Center — hifadhi ya ushahidi wa vyanzo vya msingi kuhusu jinai za serikali ya Iran, yenye makao yake New Haven.
- IRGC
- Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps — parallel military subordinate to the Supreme Leader; central to repression of protests since 1979.
- Jin, Jiyan, Azadî
- Kurdish for 'Woman, Life, Freedom'. The original form of the slogan chanted at Mahsa Amini's funeral in Saqqez.
- Komiteh
- Revolutionary Committees (1979–91) — armed neighbourhood enforcers that pre-dated the unified police; absorbed into NAJA in 1991.
- MEK / NCRI
- Mojahedin-e Khalq / National Council of Resistance of Iran — exile opposition group. iranholocaust.org has no affiliation.
- Moharebeh
- 'Waging war against God' — capital offence under Article 279 of Iran's Penal Code, routinely used against protesters.
- Noor Plan
- FARAJA's April 2024 nationwide hijab-enforcement campaign. Uses street patrols and CCTV facial recognition.
- OHCHR
- UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Operates the Special Rapporteur on Iran.
- Pasdaran
- Persian for 'Guards' — common shorthand for the IRGC.
- Qassem Soleimani
- IRGC Quds Force commander killed by a US drone strike on 3 January 2020.
- Quds Force
- IRGC division responsible for extraterritorial operations, including support for Hezbollah, Hamas and the Houthis.
- Saqqez
- Kurdish-majority city in Iran's Kordestan province; birthplace and burial place of Mahsa (Jina) Amini.
- Sepah
- Persian for 'Corps' — informal shorthand for the IRGC (Sepah-e Pasdaran).
- Sistan and Baluchestan
- South-eastern province of Iran, home to the Baloch Sunni minority. Site of Bloody Friday (30 September 2022).
- Speakers' Assembly
- The Iranian parliament (Majles). 290 seats; vetted by the Guardian Council.
- Supreme Leader
- Highest political and religious authority of the Islamic Republic. Ayatollah Khamenei since 1989; Khomeini 1979–89.
- Usiku Mbili
- Nights of 8 and 9 January 2026, when Iranian security forces opened fire on protesters in multiple cities. Rasht recorded the largest single-night toll.
- Vali-ye Faqih
- Doctrine of 'Guardianship of the Jurist' that places ultimate authority in the Supreme Leader; theological basis of the Islamic Republic.
- Vozara
- Tehran detention centre run by the Guidance Patrol where Mahsa Amini collapsed in custody on 13 September 2022.
- Woman, Life, Freedom
- Slogan (Persian: Zan, Zendegi, Azadi; Kurdish: Jin, Jiyan, Azadî) of the 2022 uprising triggered by Mahsa Amini's death.